Counting Characters in a String

def count_characters(s):
    counts = {}
    for ch in s:
        counts[ch] = counts.get(ch, 0) + 1
    return counts

# Example usage:
input_string = "hello world"
result = count_characters(input_string)

print("Character counts:")
for char, count in result.items():
    print(f"'{char}': {count}")